Wound Care & NPWT Materials
A dressing has one job that is really three: manage fluid at the wound, hold to the skin around it, and seal the field above it. H-O Products converts the open-cell wound-interface foams, fluid-distribution layers, support and offloading pads, and drape and adhesive die-cut parts that wound-care dressings and NPWT kits are built from, to your drawing, in material grades commonly used in wound-care and NPWT constructions.
Built for: NPWT wound-interface foam, exudate-management absorbent and wicking layers, pressure-distribution and offloading pads, and the drape film and skin-adhesive border parts that complete a dressing or kit. H-O supplies the converted materials; the device maker owns the finished-device file and all clinical claims.
Where are you in the spec process?
This page serves device designers who already know the foam, drape, or pad they want and engineers still narrowing it down. Pick the path that matches where you are; you don't have to read the rest.
Send a drawing, get a quote
An ISO 10993-referenced reticulated open-cell polyurethane interface foam, a microcellular polyurethane or crosslinked PE offloading pad, a drape film, a skin-adhesive border, or a custom configuration on your drawing with the contact basis and pore grade stated.
Skip to the quote form →Walk through the selection logic
Six decisions (layer and job, contact basis, fluid and pore grade, sterilization method, adhesive and drape, and geometry), an NPWT and wound-material selector, and the material families with designation-referenced specs.
Start with the selection factors →
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1Send drawingUpload a DXF, STEP, or PDF, or describe the dressing or kit layer and the part. A sample works too.
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2Material reviewEngineering reviews the contact basis (ISO 10993 / USP Class VI / FDA, by designation) against the maker TDS, the fluid level and pore grade, the sterilization method, the adhesive and drape construction, and the geometry.
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3PrototypeSamples typically ship in 3–5 business days for common configurations on materials we keep on hand. Made-to-order; minimum run quantities apply and vary by material and part.
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4ProductionStandard production runs ship about 2 weeks after drawing approval, including kiss-cut-on-liner and laminated configurations. Ongoing parts run with material traceability and lot-code documentation aligned to your requirements.
For a wound-care dressing or NPWT kit, choose the converted material from the layer. For a wound-interface and fluid-distribution foam, specify a ISO 10993-referenced reticulated open-cell foam (FilterPore), where the open-cell pore grade distributes fluid and pressure. For a support or pressure-offloading pad, specify a microcellular polyurethane (PORON Medical) or a crosslinked polyethylene foam for a firm, low-set cushion.
The remaining zones and duties are mapped in the When-to-spec list on this page. Values are per the TDS on file; see the material reference below for ordering details.
ISO 10993-1 (biological evaluation of medical devices, contact classification) · ISO 10993-5 (cytotoxicity) · ISO 10993-10 (sensitization) · ISO 10993-23 (irritation) · USP Class VI / USP <88> (in-vivo plastics reactivity, by designation) · FDA 21 CFR (contact basis, not a device clearance) · ASTM D3574 (flexible cellular urethane foam properties) · ISO 9001:2015 (H-O converting QMS, not a device clearance).
The material maker evaluates a grade against the biological frameworks; H-O is an ISO 9001:2015 certified converter and does not certify finished devices or make clinical claims.
- NPWT / wound-interface foam, fluid distribution: ISO 10993-referenced reticulated foam (FilterPore® S-100X)
- Open-cell wicking / absorbent layer: reticulated PU uncoated
- Coated reticulated PU, surface-treated: reticulated PU acrylic-coated
- Support / pressure-offloading pad, low set: PORON Medical microcellular PU
- Firm offloading / spacer cushion: crosslinked polyethylene foam
- Soft skin-side comfort cushion: breathable silicone foam
- Drape-boss / port solid silicone seal: BISCO MS-1600 solid medical silicone
- Broad foam family orientation: foam materials
What layer are you building?
Application Zones
Three distinct material jobs sit inside a wound-care dressing or an NPWT kit: the wound-interface and fluid-distribution layer where an open-cell reticulated polyurethane moves fluid and pressure across the bed; the exudate-management and wicking layer where absorbent foam holds and moves fluid away from the interface; and the support and pressure-offloading pad where a firm, low-set foam redistributes load around a wound or bony prominence.
H-O converts the materials for each; the device maker owns the finished-device file and all clinical claims. Click a tab to see the part, the contact and fluid considerations, and the families H-O converts for that zone.
NPWT and wound-interface foam
The wound-interface layer is the open-cell foam that sits over the wound bed in a negative-pressure wound therapy kit or a foam dressing. Its job is a material job: the through-porous reticulated cell structure distributes fluid and, under negative pressure, distributes that pressure across the foam so it is even across the contact area rather than concentrated.
The controlling material properties are the open-cell pore grade (how open and how fine the cell structure is, which sets how fluid and pressure move through it), an ISO 10993-referenced grade for the breached-surface contact, and clean edges that do not shed.
An ISO 10993-referenced reticulated open-cell polyurethane is the standard interface material. H-O die-cuts it to the dressing footprint and the kit geometry; the grade is referenced to ISO 10993 by designation and the foam is characterized per ASTM D3574. This is a fluid-management and pressure-distribution material, not a therapy; the device maker owns the finished-device file and all clinical claims.
ISO 10993-referenced reticulated foam (FilterPore® S-100X)Through-porous open-cell polyurethane in an ISO 10993-referenced grade for the wound-interface and fluid-distribution layer. Pore grade per the maker TDS; referenced to ISO 10993 / USP Class VI by designation. [1]
Reticulated PU uncoatedOpen-cell reticulated polyurethane for the interface and wicking layers where an uncoated through-porous foam is wanted. Pore grade tunes fluid movement; to the footprint. [7]
Reticulated PU acrylic-coatedSurface-treated reticulated PU where a coated cell surface changes the wetting or handling. Converted to the interface or distribution layer on your drawing.
Solid silicone drape-boss sealA solid medical silicone gasket or seal at a drape boss or suction port where the NPWT tubing connects, to seat and seal the port. [4]
Exudate management and wicking layers
Above or alongside the interface foam, a wound-care dressing manages fluid: an absorbent and wicking layer moves exudate away from the wound contact and holds it, so the interface stays at the intended fluid level. The controlling material properties are the open-cell pore grade (which sets how fast fluid wicks and how much the foam holds), the absorbency of the foam stack, and clean converted edges.
Reticulated open-cell polyurethane is the workhorse: an uncoated grade for fast wicking and a coated grade where a surface treatment changes the wetting or the handling. H-O die-cuts and laminates the absorbent stack to the dressing footprint, with the layers in the order the device drawing calls for. The pore grade and absorbency are material properties per the maker TDS; the dressing performance is the device maker's to validate.
Reticulated PU uncoatedOpen-cell reticulated polyurethane for fast-wicking absorbent layers. The open-cell pore grade tunes how fluid moves and how much the foam holds; and laminated into the stack. [7]
Reticulated PU acrylic-coatedCoated reticulated PU where a surface treatment changes the wetting or the handling of the wicking layer. Converted to the absorbent-stack geometry on your drawing.
ISO 10993-referenced reticulated foam (FilterPore® S-100X)The ISO 10993-referenced reticulated PU where the wicking layer also contacts the wound. Pore grade per the maker TDS; referenced to ISO 10993 by designation for the breached-surface contact.
Foam materials (family)The broader foam family for orientation across absorbent, wicking, and cushioning layers. H-O converts the grade your dressing drawing calls for.
Support and pressure-offloading pads
Around a wound or a bony prominence, a support and offloading pad redistributes pressure so load is spread rather than concentrated on a single point. This is the closed-cell or microcellular side of wound care: the controlling material properties are firmness (enough to carry the load without bottoming out), low compression set (so the pad keeps its cushion over wear), and recovery.
A microcellular polyurethane such as PORON Medical is the comfort-cushion choice, with controlled soft force-deflection and low set; a crosslinked polyethylene foam is the firmer, durable offloading and spacer choice. H-O the pad to the offloading geometry, often as a soft-over-firm stack laminated together. Firmness, force-deflection, and compression set are material properties per the maker TDS; the offloading performance is the device maker's to validate.
PORON Medical microcellular PUControlled soft force-deflection at low stress, low compression set, breathable. The comfort-cushion side of an offloading pad; referenced to ISO 10993 by designation. [3]
Crosslinked polyethylene foamFirm, fine-celled closed-cell foam that resists bottoming out, for the durable offloading and spacer side of the pad. Die-cut and laminated to the soft side.
Foam materials (family)The broader foam family for orientation across the soft-to-firm offloading stack. H-O converts the soft-over-firm construction your drawing calls for.Six decisions that drive your wound-care or NPWT material spec
Specifying a wound-care or NPWT material is not a single-property choice. The right converted part satisfies several independent constraints at once, and missing one produces a foam with the wrong pore grade for the fluid job, a pad that bottoms out under load, or a part with no documented contact basis. Read the six factors before reaching for a material.
Match the material to the layer, the contact, and the fluid job, not to the catalog, and never to a clinical outcome. H-O converts the foam, drape, and adhesive parts; it does not make therapy claims. Decide the layer first (interface, wicking, or offloading), then the contact basis and the pore or firmness grade, then the construction. The material maker evaluates the grade; the device maker owns the finished-device file and all clinical claims.
Open-cell moves fluid; closed-cell carries load. The wound-interface and wicking layers want a through-porous open-cell reticulated polyurethane so fluid and pressure distribute across the foam. The support and offloading pad wants a microcellular or closed-cell foam so it cushions and resists bottoming out. Specifying one cell structure where the other belongs is the most common wound-material mismatch.
Read the six factors below in order. The layer narrows the cell structure; the contact basis and the pore or firmness grade narrow the material; the construction and geometry set the and lamination. Selecting one factor at a time and re-checking the others is the discipline.
Show all 6 selection factors tap to expand
The layer decides the cell structure before the material
The first decision is which layer the part is. A wound-interface or wicking layer wants an open-cell, through-porous reticulated polyurethane so fluid and (in NPWT) pressure distribute across the foam. A support or offloading pad wants a microcellular or closed-cell foam so it cushions and carries load without bottoming out. A drape or border is a film and an adhesive, not a foam.
Decide this first, because it picks the material family, and an open-cell foam in an offloading pad will collapse while a closed-cell foam at the interface will not move fluid. State the layer on the drawing.
Contact basis sets which designations the grade is referenced to
A wound-care material is a contact part, and often a breached-surface contact, which is more stringent than intact-skin contact. Define the contact (intact skin, breached or compromised surface, no direct contact) and the duration, because that sets which biological-evaluation designations the material grade is referenced to.
Breached-surface and prolonged-contact parts reference ISO 10993 endpoints such as cytotoxicity (-5), sensitization (-10), and irritation (-23); a USP Class VI designation is a plastics-reactivity screen; an FDA-grade designation describes a composition and contact basis.
The material maker evaluates the grade against these frameworks; the device maker owns the finished-device biocompatibility, the clinical evaluation, and the regulatory file. State the basis you need so H-O references a grade that carries it.
Fluid level and pore grade tune the open-cell foam
For the interface and wicking layers, the open-cell pore grade is the controlling property. A more open, coarser pore moves fluid and distributes pressure quickly across the foam; a finer pore wicks more slowly and holds more. The fluid level the layer manages (the volume and rate of exudate the dressing is designed for) sets which pore grade and how thick the absorbent stack is.
State the fluid job and the pore grade or the target behavior, not just the foam name, because the same reticulated polyurethane is sold across a range of pore grades. H-O converts the grade your drawing calls for and laminates the absorbent stack. The pore grade and absorbency are material properties per the maker TDS; the dressing performance is the device maker's to validate.
Sterilization method narrows the material and is often single-use
Most wound-care and NPWT materials are single-use and are sterilized as part of the finished dressing or kit, commonly by ethylene oxide, gamma, or e-beam. The method matters to the material: polyethylene tolerates a high radiation dose, reticulated polyurethane behavior is method- and grade-dependent, and any radiation dose limit is a maker-TDS property. State the sterilization method and whether the part is single-use, because that sets which grade and construction is chosen and how the part is packaged and converted.
A single-use interface foam can use a different material set than a reusable support pad. The sterilization validation of the finished device belongs to the device maker.
Adhesive, drape, and construction finish the part
A dressing is a stack, not one foam: the interface or absorbent foam, a skin-side adhesive border that holds the dressing, and a drape film that seals the field, plus any release liner. Decide how the layers attach and which carries the skin-contact adhesive, because that changes the converted construction. A skin-side pressure-sensitive adhesive (silicone, acrylic, or hydrocolloid type) is referenced to the relevant ISO 10993 parts (especially -10 sensitization and -23 irritation) at the material level when specified.
State the layer order, the adhesive face, the drape film, and whether the part ships kiss-cut on liner. H-O laminates the stack, the parts, and kiss-cuts on liner to your drawing.
Geometry, edge quality, and gauge set the die-cut
The converted geometry finishes the spec. A wound-interface foam is to the dressing footprint with clean edges that do not shed loose particles; an offloading pad is cut to the offloading shape, often as a soft-over-firm laminated stack; a drape film is to the seal outline with the port or boss feature. State the outline, the gauge (foam thickness and stack-to-thickness), the edge requirement, and any port or boss feature, so the and lamination match.
H-O die-cuts, kiss-cuts, laser- and waterjet-cuts, laminates, slits, and kits the parts to the drawing and holds the gauge and tolerance. Clean converted edges and the right gauge are converting-side requirements H-O owns.
Specification Tools
Two tools to take you from "I have a dressing or kit layer to build" to here is the family to put on the drawing: an NPWT and wound-material selector that maps your layer, contact, and fluid job to a material family, and a side-by-side comparison matrix of every wound-care and support family on this page.
1. NPWT & wound-material selector by layer, contact, and fluid job
Pick the dressing or kit layer, the contact basis you need, and the fluid or load job. The selector maps them to a recommended family with a reason. Conservative starting point; confirm the grade, pore grade, and contact basis against the maker TDS for your parts. Materials only, not a therapy recommendation.
Pick a layer, contact, and job to see a recommendation
The result returns a recommended wound-care or support family, the reason it fits your layer and job, and a one-click path to the product category and the quote form. Grades are referenced by designation; confirm the contact basis and pore grade on the maker TDS. H-O supplies the materials; the device maker owns the finished-device file and all clinical claims.
2. Side-by-side: wound-care & support comparison matrix
Every wound-care and support family called out on this page, with cell structure, the layer it fits, sterilization note, and the contact-designation note. Click a column header to sort. Click any material name to jump to its accordion entry and reference.
| Material | Cell structure | Layer | Sterilization | Form factor | Best for | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Open-cell wound-interface and wicking foams (reticulated PU) | ||||||
| ISO 10993-referenced reticulated foam (FilterPore® S-100X)Through-porous, ISO 10993-referenced grade | Open-cell PU | Wound interface | EtO / gamma per TDS | NPWT / wound-interface fluid distribution | ||
| Reticulated PU uncoatedOpen-cell, fast wicking | Open-cell PU | Wicking layer | Method per TDS | Exudate wicking / absorbent stack | ||
| Reticulated PU acrylic-coatedSurface-treated open-cell | Open-cell PU | Wicking / interface | Method per TDS | Surface-treated wicking layer | ||
| Support and pressure-offloading foams (microcellular and closed-cell) | ||||||
| PORON Medical microcellular PULow set, soft force-deflection | Microcellular PU | Offload cushion | Method per TDS | Comfort cushion side of offloading pad | ||
| Crosslinked polyethylene foamFirm, resists bottoming | Closed-cell PE | Firm offload | Gamma tolerant | Firm offloading / spacer side | ||
| Breathable silicone foamSoft skin-side comfort | Silicone foam | Skin-side cushion | Method per TDS | Soft skin-side comfort layer | ||
| Drape and port sealing (solid silicone) | ||||||
| BISCO MS-1600 solid medical siliconePlatinum-cured, non-porous | Solid silicone | Drape-boss seal | Steam / EtO / gamma | Drape boss / suction-port seal | ||
Skip ahead and request your engineering review now
If your drawing already calls out a specific reticulated polyurethane interface foam, a PORON Medical or crosslinked PE offloading pad, a drape film, or a skin-adhesive border, send it over for engineering review.
Material failure modes the designer designs against
Wound-care and NPWT material problems are predictable, and they are material problems, not clinical ones. Each maps back to a missed selection factor: the wrong cell structure for the layer, a pore grade that does not match the fluid job, an offloading pad that bottoms out, a shedding cut edge, or a contact basis that was never stated. The fixes are at spec and in the converted construction.
These are material-selection and converting cautions, not clinical guidance. A foam with the wrong pore grade, a pad that bottoms out, or a shedding cut edge are converting and material problems H-O helps you design against. The clinical performance and the finished-device validation belong to the device maker.
Show all 5 failure modes tap to expand
1. The interface foam does not distribute fluid or pressure evenly
An NPWT or wound-interface foam is in place, but fluid or negative pressure concentrates rather than spreading across the bed. The mechanism is the wrong cell structure or pore grade: a closed-cell or too-fine foam does not let fluid and pressure move through it the way a through-porous open-cell reticulated polyurethane does. The fix: specify an ISO 10993-referenced reticulated open-cell polyurethane in the pore grade matched to the fluid job, so the through-porous structure distributes fluid and pressure across the foam.
State the pore grade or the target behavior on the drawing, because the same reticulated PU is sold across a pore-grade range. The pore grade and foam properties are material properties per the maker TDS, characterized per ASTM D3574; the device validates the dressing. [7]
2. The cut foam edge sheds loose particles into the absorbent stack
A foam part leaves loose particles or a ragged edge after cutting. The mechanism is a cut method or a material grade that does not give a clean edge on an open-cell foam, which can shed into the dressing. The fix: convert the foam with a cutting method and tooling matched to the open-cell grade so the edge is clean, and state the edge requirement on the drawing.
H-O die-cuts, kiss-cuts, laser-cuts, and waterjet-cuts reticulated polyurethane and selects the method that gives the clean converted edge the dressing needs. A clean edge is a converting-side requirement H-O owns; the device maker validates the finished dressing for particulate. [7]
3. The offloading pad bottoms out under load and stops cushioning
A support or offloading pad cushions at first, then bottoms out under sustained load so pressure is no longer redistributed. The mechanism is the wrong foam: a soft, low-density foam compresses fully and loses its cushion, or a single soft layer is used where a soft-over-firm stack is needed. The fix: specify a firm enough foam, often a soft microcellular polyurethane (PORON Medical) over a firmer crosslinked polyethylene, so the stack carries the load without bottoming out and recovers over wear.
Match the firmness and the stack to the load and the offloading geometry. Firmness, force-deflection, and compression set are material properties per the maker TDS, characterized per ASTM D3574. [10]
4. The offloading cushion takes a compression set and loses its loft
A cushioning pad gradually flattens over wear and no longer offloads as designed. The mechanism is compression set: a foam held compressed loses its recovery over time, so the pad thins and the cushion goes away. The usual cause is a grade not chosen for low set. The fix: choose a low-compression-set microcellular polyurethane such as PORON Medical for the comfort side, which holds its loft and recovers across wear, and a firmer crosslinked polyethylene where the load is high.
State the wear duration and the load so the grade matches the life. Compression set and recovery are material properties per the maker TDS, characterized per ASTM D3574; the device maker validates the finished pad. [10]
5. A contact basis was never stated, so the wrong grade shipped
A foam or pad is specified by size and firmness only, and a quality review later finds it contacts a breached surface with no documented contact basis.
The mechanism is an incomplete spec: a material that performs well mechanically may not be referenced to the biological-evaluation designation the breached-surface contact needs, and retrofitting documentation after the fact is slow. The fix: state the contact type, the duration, and the basis you need (ISO 10993 endpoints, a USP Class VI designation, or an FDA contact basis) on the drawing, so H-O references a grade that carries it and assembles documentation aligned to your requirements.
The material maker evaluates the grade; the device maker owns the finished-device file and all clinical claims. ISO 10993-1 sets the contact classification. [1]
Material reference
Detailed references for the wound-care and support families on this page: the open-cell wound-interface and wicking foams (ISO 10993-referenced reticulated polyurethane FilterPore for the wound-interface and fluid-distribution layer, uncoated reticulated PU for fast-wicking absorbent layers, and acrylic-coated reticulated PU where a surface treatment is wanted); the support and offloading foams (PORON Medical microcellular polyurethane for a low-set comfort cushion, crosslinked polyethylene for a firm offloading and spacer layer, and breathable silicone foam for a soft skin-side cushion); and the drape and port sealing (BISCO MS-1600 solid medical silicone for a drape-boss or suction-port seal).
Material grades are referenced by designation to ISO 10993, USP Class VI, and an FDA contact basis; the material maker evaluates the grade and the device maker owns the finished-device file and all clinical claims. Foam properties are characterized per ASTM D3574; H-O die-cuts and converts to drawing in low and high volume. Grade-specific values are per the maker TDS on file, not headline numbers.
ISO 10993-referenced reticulated foam (FilterPore® S-100X)Through-porous open-cell · wound-interface and fluid-distribution layer · ISO 10993 by designation

ISO 10993-referenced reticulated open-cell foam (FilterPore) is the standard wound-interface and fluid-distribution foam, commonly used in foam dressings and NPWT kits. Grades are referenced to ISO 10993 and USP Class VI by designation, evaluated by the material maker; the pore grade and foam properties are maker-TDS properties characterized per ASTM D3574. This page frames pore grade and absorbency qualitatively and makes no clinical claim. H-O die-cuts and converts to drawing and does not certify finished devices.
Reticulated PU uncoatedOpen-cell, fast wicking · absorbent and wicking layers · pore grade per TDS

Uncoated reticulated open-cell polyurethane is a through-porous foam commonly used for fast-wicking absorbent layers in wound-care dressings. The pore grade and absorbency are maker-TDS properties characterized per ASTM D3574; grades are referenced to the relevant designations by the material maker where the foam contacts the wound. This page frames pore grade qualitatively and makes no clinical claim. H-O converts to drawing and does not certify finished devices.
Reticulated PU acrylic-coatedSurface-treated open-cell · wicking and interface layers · changed wetting / handling

Acrylic-coated reticulated open-cell polyurethane is a surface-treated through-porous foam commonly used where a coated cell surface changes the wetting or handling of a wicking layer. The pore grade, coating, and foam properties are maker-TDS properties characterized per ASTM D3574. This page frames the surface behavior qualitatively and makes no clinical claim. H-O converts to drawing and does not certify finished devices.
PORON Medical microcellular PULow compression set · soft force-deflection · offloading comfort cushion

PORON Medical is a microcellular polyurethane commonly used for low-compression-set comfort cushioning in support and offloading pads. Grades are referenced to ISO 10993 by designation, evaluated by the material maker; force-deflection and compression-set values are maker-TDS properties characterized per ASTM D3574. This page frames them qualitatively and makes no clinical claim. H-O converts to drawing and does not certify finished devices.
Crosslinked polyethylene foamFirm, fine-celled closed-cell · firm offloading and spacer · resists bottoming out

Crosslinked polyethylene foam is a firm, fine-celled closed-cell foam commonly used for the durable offloading and spacer side of a support pad. Polyethylene tolerates a high radiation dose; density and mechanical values are maker-TDS properties. This page frames firmness qualitatively and makes no clinical claim. H-O converts to drawing and does not certify finished devices.
Breathable silicone foamSoft cellular silicone · skin-side comfort layer · conforms and recovers

Breathable silicone foam is a soft cellular silicone commonly used for a skin-side comfort layer. Grades are referenced to the relevant designations by the material maker; sterilization tolerance is method- and grade-dependent per the maker TDS. This page frames softness and recovery qualitatively and makes no clinical claim. H-O converts to drawing and does not certify finished devices.
BISCO MS-1600 solid medical silicone (platinum-cured)Non-porous solid silicone · drape-boss and suction-port seals · sterilization-tolerant

BISCO MS-1600 is a SOLID platinum-cured medical silicone (not a foam), commonly used where a non-porous, low-extractable seal is wanted, such as a drape-boss or suction-port gasket. Grades are referenced to USP Class VI, FDA, and ISO 10993 by designation, evaluated by the material maker; durometer values are per the maker TDS. H-O converts to drawing and does not certify finished devices.
Wound care & NPWT materials FAQ
The questions wound-care and NPWT device engineers ask when specifying the foam, drape, and adhesive parts. Answers are cautious and at the material level; H-O makes no clinical claim and the device maker owns the finished-device file.
What foam is used for the wound-interface layer in an NPWT kit?
The standard wound-interface material is an ISO 10993-referenced reticulated open-cell polyurethane. Its through-porous cell structure lets fluid move through it and, under negative pressure, lets that pressure distribute across the foam so it is spread across the contact area rather than concentrated at a point. That is a material job: the open-cell pore grade is what tunes how fluid and pressure move, so the same reticulated polyurethane is supplied across a pore-grade range and you state the grade or the target behavior for your design.
H-O the foam to the dressing footprint with clean converted edges that do not shed. The grade is referenced to ISO 10993 by designation for the breached-surface contact, evaluated by the material maker, and the foam is characterized per ASTM D3574. This is a fluid-management and pressure-distribution material; H-O makes no clinical claim and the device maker owns the finished-device file.
Open-cell vs closed-cell foam in wound care: when do I use each?
They do opposite jobs. An open-cell, through-porous foam (reticulated polyurethane) lets fluid and pressure move through it, so it is the choice for the wound-interface and wicking layers where fluid and (in NPWT) pressure need to distribute across the foam. A closed-cell or microcellular foam (crosslinked polyethylene, PORON Medical) does not move fluid through it but carries load and cushions, so it is the choice for the support and pressure-offloading pad.
Using a closed-cell foam at the interface means fluid and pressure will not distribute; using an open-cell foam in an offloading pad means it will collapse under load. Decide the layer first, then the cell structure follows. The dressing usually combines both, and H-O converts the layers in the order the drawing calls for. Foam properties for both are characterized per ASTM D3574.
How does the pore grade of the reticulated foam affect the dressing?
The open-cell pore grade is the controlling property of a reticulated polyurethane wound foam. A more open, coarser pore moves fluid and distributes pressure quickly through the foam; a finer pore wicks more slowly and tends to hold more fluid. Reticulated polyurethane is supplied across a pore-grade range for exactly this reason, so the foam name alone does not fully specify the part.
State the fluid job, the volume and rate the layer is designed for, and the pore grade or the target behavior, and H-O converts the grade your drawing calls for. The pore grade and absorbency are material properties per the maker TDS, and this page frames them qualitatively rather than quoting numbers that vary by grade. Foam properties are characterized per ASTM D3574.
The dressing performance against the pore grade is the device maker's to validate.
Why does my offloading pad bottom out, and how do I fix it?
Bottoming out means the foam compresses fully under load so pressure is no longer redistributed. The usual cause is the wrong foam: a soft, low-density single layer compresses all the way and loses its cushion. The fix is a stack that carries the load: a soft microcellular polyurethane such as PORON Medical on the comfort side, over a firmer crosslinked polyethylene that resists bottoming out, and laminated together.
Match the firmness and the stack thickness to the load and the offloading geometry. A low-compression-set microcellular polyurethane also holds its loft over wear rather than flattening. Firmness, force-deflection, and compression set are material properties per the maker TDS, characterized per ASTM D3574. State the load and the wear duration so the grade and the stack match the life; the offloading performance is the device maker's to validate.
How is the cut foam edge kept clean so it does not shed?
An open-cell foam can leave loose particles or a ragged edge if the cut method or the material grade is not matched to it. A clean converted edge is a converting-side requirement, and H-O selects the cutting method and tooling for the open-cell grade, die-cutting, kiss-cutting, laser-cutting, or waterjet-cutting the reticulated polyurethane so the edge is clean and does not shed loose particles into the dressing stack.
State the edge requirement on the drawing so the right method is chosen. The edge quality is something H-O owns as the converter; the device maker validates the finished dressing for particulate. Foam properties that affect the cut are characterized per ASTM D3574, and grade-specific behavior is per the maker TDS.
How does H-O document the biocompatibility basis for a wound-contact foam?
H-O references material grades by designation and assembles documentation aligned to your requirements. A wound-contact foam is often a breached-surface contact, which is more stringent than intact-skin contact, so state the contact type, the duration, and the basis you need, ISO 10993 endpoints (for example cytotoxicity, sensitization, irritation), a USP Class VI designation, or an FDA contact basis, and H-O sources a grade whose maker evaluates it against those frameworks and provides the material TDS, certificate of conformance, and lot traceability.
The important distinction is who owns what: the material maker evaluates the grade at the material level, and the device maker owns the finished-device biocompatibility, the clinical evaluation, and the regulatory file. H-O is an ISO 9001:2015 certified converter; it does not independently certify materials, does not make clinical claims, and does not claim an ISO 13485 certification, an FDA device registration, or a cleanroom certification.
Customer-specified compliance packages are assembled on request.
How are wound-care and NPWT materials sterilized, and are they single-use?
Most wound-care and NPWT materials are single-use and are sterilized as part of the finished dressing or kit, commonly by ethylene oxide, gamma, or e-beam. The method matters to the material: polyethylene tolerates a high radiation dose, while reticulated polyurethane behavior under sterilization is method- and grade-dependent, and any radiation dose limit is a maker-TDS property to verify for the grade.
State the sterilization method and whether the part is single-use on the drawing, because that sets which grade and construction is chosen and how the part is packaged and converted. H-O converts the material and supplies the documentation; the sterilization validation of the finished device, and the choice and qualification of the sterilization cycle, belong to the device maker. This is a material-level consideration, not a device-level claim.
Can H-O convert the drape film and the skin-adhesive border too?
Yes. A dressing is a stack, and H-O converts the parts: the interface or absorbent foam, the drape film to the seal outline with its port or boss feature, and the skin-side adhesive border, laminated and kiss-cut on a release liner so the line can peel and place it. The skin-contact adhesive (a silicone, acrylic, or hydrocolloid type) is referenced to the relevant ISO 10993 parts, especially sensitization (-10) and irritation (-23), at the material level when specified, the same way the foam is referenced for its contact.
State the layer order, which face carries the adhesive, the drape film, and whether the part ships kiss-cut on liner. H-O laminates the stack, the parts, and kiss-cuts on liner to your drawing. The adhesive family is named only when it is catalog-verified; otherwise it is framed qualitatively and selected with you.
PORON Medical vs crosslinked polyethylene for an offloading pad: which?
They are the two sides of an offloading stack and are usually used together rather than one instead of the other. PORON Medical is a microcellular polyurethane with controlled soft force-deflection and low compression set, so it is the soft comfort side that conforms gently and holds its loft over wear. Crosslinked polyethylene is a firm, fine-celled closed-cell foam that carries the load and resists bottoming out, so it is the firm base.
The common construction is a soft PORON Medical layer over a firmer crosslinked PE base, and laminated, so the pad is comfortable on the skin side and does not bottom out under load. If you need a single material, choose PORON Medical for a comfort-led light-load pad and crosslinked PE for a firm, durable, higher-load pad. Firmness and compression set are material properties per the maker TDS, characterized per ASTM D3574; the offloading performance is the device maker's to validate.
Does H-O make claims about wound healing or therapy outcomes?
No. H-O Products is a precision converter of materials. It makes the foam, drape, and adhesive parts that wound-care dressings and NPWT kits are built from, framed as fluid-management, pressure-distribution, and cushioning materials. H-O makes no claim about wound healing, therapy outcomes, clinical efficacy, or treatment, and nothing on this page should be read as a clinical claim.
The clinical performance, the indications for use, the finished-device biocompatibility and clinical evaluation, the sterilization validation, and the regulatory file all belong to the device maker.
H-O references the material grades by designation to ISO 10993, USP Class VI, and FDA contact frameworks at the material level, where the material maker performs the evaluation, and supplies the converted parts, the material documentation, and lot traceability aligned to your requirements, as an ISO 9001:2015 certified organization.
Does H-O make finished medical devices or hold ISO 13485?
No. H-O Products is a precision converter: it makes the wound-care and NPWT material parts (interface foams, wicking layers, offloading pads, drape films, adhesive borders) to your drawing from material grades commonly used in wound-care constructions, under an ISO 9001:2015 quality management system. H-O is an ISO 9001:2015 certified organization; that certification governs the converting process, not a device clearance.
H-O does not make finished medical devices and does not claim an ISO 13485 certification, an FDA device registration or clearance, or a cleanroom certification.
Material grades are referenced by designation to ISO 10993, USP Class VI, and FDA contact frameworks at the material level, where the material maker performs the evaluation. The finished-device file, the clinical claims, and the regulatory submissions belong to the device maker. H-O supplies the converted parts, the material documentation, and lot traceability aligned to your requirements.
What do I send H-O to get a wound-care or NPWT material quote?
Send the dressing or kit drawing or a sample, the layer, and four things: the layer and job (wound interface, wicking, offloading, or drape/port seal), the contact basis (intact skin, breached or compromised surface, or no contact, and the duration), the fluid or load job (distribute fluid or pressure, absorb or wick, cushion or offload) with the pore grade or firmness if known, and the sterilization method and whether the part is single-use.
If you need a biological basis documented, state the ISO 10993 endpoints, the USP Class VI designation, or the FDA contact basis. Add the geometry, the gauge or stack thickness, the edge requirement, the adhesive and drape construction, and prototype and annual volume. With that, engineering returns a material family, a converted-part approach, prototype lead time, and the documentation that can be aligned to your requirements.
The quote form below has fields for each of these. Samples typically ship in 3 to 5 business days; standard production in about 2 weeks.
Glossary: terms used on this page
Quick reference for the wound-care material, foam, biocompatibility, and converting terminology used throughout. Each entry links to the relevant standard or designation where applicable. Material terms only; no clinical definitions.
Reticulated (open-cell) polyurethane
A polyurethane foam whose cell walls have been removed so the foam is through-porous: fluid and air pass through the connected open cells. This is the structure that lets a wound-interface foam distribute fluid and, under negative pressure, distribute pressure across the foam. The opposite is closed-cell foam, which blocks fluid passage and is used for cushioning, not for fluid movement.
Pore grade (PPI)
A measure of how fine or coarse the open-cell structure of a reticulated foam is, often described in pores per inch. A coarser pore moves fluid and distributes pressure quickly; a finer pore wicks more slowly and holds more. The pore grade is the controlling property of a wound-interface or wicking foam, so it is specified along with the material. Grade-specific pore values are per the maker TDS.
NPWT (negative-pressure wound therapy) foam
The open-cell reticulated polyurethane foam that sits over the wound bed in a negative-pressure wound therapy kit. As a material, its job is to let fluid move through it and to distribute the applied negative pressure across the foam so it is even across the contact area. On this page it is described strictly as a material with that fluid-management and pressure-distribution behavior; the therapy itself, its indications, and its outcomes belong to the device maker, not H-O.
Microcellular polyurethane (PORON Medical)
A fine-celled polyurethane foam with controlled soft force-deflection and low compression set, the kind used for comfort cushioning that holds its loft over wear. PORON Medical is the industry-standard microcellular cushioning material for orthotic and offloading pads. It cushions and offloads pressure; it is not a fluid-distribution foam. Force-deflection and compression-set values are per the maker TDS.
Compression set
The permanent deformation a foam retains after being held compressed. A cushioning pad with high compression set gradually flattens and loses its loft, so the offloading goes away over wear. Choosing a low-compression-set microcellular polyurethane for the comfort side is central to a pad that keeps cushioning. Compression set for flexible cellular foam is characterized per ASTM D3574.
ISO 10993 (biological evaluation, by designation)
The international standard family for the biological evaluation of medical devices within a risk-management process. ISO 10993-1 classifies a part by contact type and duration; specific parts cover endpoints such as cytotoxicity (-5), sensitization (-10), and irritation (-23). On this page, a material grade is referenced to ISO 10993 by designation, meaning the material maker evaluates the grade; H-O does not certify the material and the device maker owns the finished-device evaluation.
Breached / compromised surface contact
An ISO 10993-1 contact category for a part that contacts a breached or compromised body surface, such as a wound, rather than intact skin. It is generally a more stringent contact than intact-skin contact, so the biological-evaluation designations the material grade is referenced to are correspondingly broader. The contact category is a material-level reference point; the device maker owns the finished-device biological and clinical evaluation.
USP Class VI
The strictest of the USP plastics classes, based on the in-vivo biological-reactivity tests of USP <88> (systemic toxicity, intracutaneous, and a muscle-implant screen). A USP Class VI designation is a material-level screen the material maker performs; it is a useful reference point for a material grade but is not a finished-device clearance. On this page it is cited by designation only.
FDA-grade (composition basis)
A description of a material's composition and contact basis (for example a material meeting an FDA contact regulation), not a device clearance. An FDA-grade material is made from ingredients that meet a relevant FDA contact regulation; it does not by itself mean the finished device is FDA-cleared. The distinction matters in medical work: composition basis at the material level versus device clearance at the device level.
ASTM D3574 (flexible cellular foam)
The standard test methods for flexible cellular materials, that is, slab, bonded, and molded urethane foams. It covers density, indentation force deflection, compression set, tensile, and tear, the properties used to characterize the wound-interface, wicking, and cushioning foams on this page. Grade-specific values are per the maker TDS; the page references the method rather than quoting numbers that vary by grade.
Drape film (and boss / port)
The film layer that covers and seals a wound dressing or NPWT field, often with a boss or port feature where suction tubing connects. As converted parts, the drape is to the seal outline and the boss or port is sealed with a solid silicone gasket. H-O converts the drape film and the port seal to the drawing; the drape material and the finished-device seal performance are specified and validated by the device maker.
Converter (die-cut)
A manufacturer that takes maker stock (sheet, slab, roll) and converts it to a finished part by die-cutting, kiss-cutting, laser or waterjet cutting, laminating, slitting, and kitting, to a customer's drawing. H-O is a precision converter; it does not foam or extrude the polyurethane, and it does not make finished medical devices or make clinical claims. It supplies the converted wound-care material parts and the material documentation, under an ISO 9001:2015 quality management system.
Last updated · Reviewed by H-O Products engineering (ISO 9001:2015 certified converter, Winsted, CT).
Standards, designations & technical references
The standards, designations, and material references cited throughout this page. Standards editions current as of June 2026; verify against the publishing body before final spec. Material grades are referenced to the biological-evaluation frameworks by designation, where the material maker performs the evaluation; H-O is an ISO 9001:2015 certified converter and does not independently certify materials, finished devices, or make clinical claims. No competitor company names appear on this page; material makers are named in this References block only.
ISO 10993-1
Biological evaluation of medical devices, Part 1: Evaluation and testing within a risk-management process. Classifies a part by contact type (surface / external-communicating / implant, including breached-surface contact) and duration, which sets which biological endpoints apply. Referenced by designation at the material level. iso.org (ISO 10993-1)
ISO 10993-5
Biological evaluation of medical devices, Part 5: Tests for in vitro cytotoxicity. One of the most commonly referenced endpoints for contact materials, including wound-contact foams. A material grade is evaluated against it by the material maker. iso.org (ISO 10993-5)
ISO 10993-10
Biological evaluation of medical devices, Part 10: Tests for skin sensitization. Relevant for a wound-contact foam and especially for the skin-side adhesive border. Referenced by designation at the material level. iso.org (ISO 10993-10)
ISO 10993-23
Biological evaluation of medical devices, Part 23: Tests for irritation. The irritation endpoint relevant to wound-contact materials and skin-side adhesives. Referenced by designation at the material level, evaluated by the material maker. iso.org (ISO 10993-23)
USP Class VI / USP <88>
Biological Reactivity Tests, In Vivo (USP <88>), the basis of the USP Class VI plastics designation (the strictest class). A material-level reactivity screen the material maker performs; cited by designation, not as a device clearance. usp.org
ASTM D3574
Standard Test Methods for Flexible Cellular Materials, Slab, Bonded, and Molded Urethane Foams. The reference for foam density, indentation force deflection, compression set, tensile, and tear used to characterize the wound-interface, wicking, and cushioning foams on this page. astm.org/d3574
ASTM D2240
Standard Test Method for Rubber Property, Durometer Hardness. The Shore A method behind the durometer values for the solid silicone drape-boss seal. astm.org/d2240
ISO 9001:2015
Quality management systems, Requirements. The standard H-O's converting quality management system is certified to. It governs the converting process and documentation, not a medical-device clearance. iso.org (ISO 9001:2015)
Rogers PORON Medical & BISCO silicones (maker TDS)
Supplier technical data for PORON Medical microcellular polyurethanes and BISCO MS-1600 solid medical silicone, including the force-deflection, compression-set, and biological-designation references. Material-maker data, cited here as a reference; H-O converts the stock to drawing. rogerscorp.com
Reticulated PU & PORON Medical foam data (maker TDS)
Supplier technical data for ISO 10993-referenced reticulated open-cell polyurethane foam (including pore-grade ranges) and PORON Medical microcellular polyurethane, including the cellular-foam properties characterized per ASTM D3574. Material-maker data, cited here as a reference; H-O die-cuts and laminates the foam to drawing. rogerscorp.com
Updated . Standards editions, designations, and links current at publication; verify against the publishing body before final spec. Material designations are referenced at the material level; lot-specific documentation aligned to your requirements is available on request.
What to send H-O for a wound-care or NPWT material quote
The faster H-O can recommend a material and converted-part approach, the more of this you can include up front. None of it is required to start, the quote form below walks you through it.
Which layer (wound interface or NPWT foam, exudate-management or wicking layer, support or pressure-offloading pad, or drape and port seal); the cell structure and the fluid or load job (distribute fluid or pressure, absorb or wick, cushion or offload) with the pore grade or firmness if known; a dressing or kit drawing (DXF, STEP, or PDF) or a sample; and the layer order, adhesive face, drape film, and whether the part ships kiss-cut on liner.
The contact basis (intact skin, breached or compromised surface, or no contact, and the duration per ISO 10993-1); the biological basis needed (ISO 10993 endpoints, a USP Class VI designation, or an FDA contact basis); the sterilization method and whether the part is single-use; and the geometry and quantity (outline, gauge or stack thickness, edge requirement, prototype and annual volume). H-O supplies the materials; the device maker owns the finished-device file and clinical claims.
Get a wound-care & NPWT material quote
Send a drawing, BOM, or spec sheet. We typically respond within one business day with a material-family recommendation, prototype lead time, and TDS and designation verification against your contact basis, fluid or load job, sterilization method, and geometry.
See also: related H-O medical pages
Engineering content for the adjacent medical sub-applications and the parent overview. Each page covers material selection, failure modes, and converter-side process detail for its application family.
Sub-application
Orthotics, prosthetics & rehab
Orthotic insole foams, prosthetic padding, and rehab cushioning, using the same PORON Medical and crosslinked PE families as the offloading pads on this page.
Read the page
Sub-application
Medical wearables & skin interface
Skin-contact cushions, perimeter seals, and skin-adhesive constructions for on-body devices and patient monitors.
Read the page
Sub-application
Medical fluid management & filtration
Reticulated wicking foams, absorbent pads, and fluid-path gaskets for the wetted side of diagnostic and lab instruments.
Read the page
Sub-application
Surgical instruments & tools
Seals, grips, instrument padding, and tray liners in medical silicone and PORON Medical for reusable surgical instruments.
Read the page
Application overview
Medical & clean components
The parent overview: how H-O converts ISO 10993-referenced material options into skin-interface, surgical, wound-care, and diagnostic parts to a drawing.
Read the page
Industry hub
Medical industry overview
The medical hub: every sub-application H-O converts for diagnostic, wearable, surgical, wound-care, and lab-equipment makers.
Read the page
Material data & designations. All foam properties, pore grades, and sterilization tolerances on this page are taken from the source material maker's technical data sheets and the cited standards and designations.
Grade-specific density, indentation force deflection, compression-set, pore-grade, and sterilization-dose values are reported on the TDS on file for each grade; this page frames them qualitatively and references the test methods and designations (ISO 10993, USP Class VI, FDA contact basis, ASTM D3574, ASTM D2240) rather than quoting numbers that vary by grade.
Material grades are referenced to the biological-evaluation frameworks at the material level, where the material maker performs the evaluation; the device maker owns the finished-device biocompatibility, the clinical evaluation, the sterilization validation, and the regulatory file. Nothing on this page is a clinical, therapeutic, or efficacy claim.
H-O is an ISO 9001:2015 certified organization; it does not claim an ISO 13485 certification, an FDA device registration or clearance, or a cleanroom certification, and it does not certify finished devices.
Conversion scope. H-O die-cuts and converts sheet, slab, and roll stock to drawing in Winsted, Connecticut: die-cut and kiss-cut-on-liner foams, drape films, and adhesive borders, slit rolls, laminated and adhesive-backed constructions, and kits, with material traceability and lot-code documentation. H-O does not foam or extrude polyurethane in-house and does not make finished medical devices; foamed or molded stock is sourced from the material makers. Lead-time and minimum-run details are on the process strip and in the quote form above.